Sensitivity shows how frequently a test will generate an accurate positive result for individuals who have the illness that is being evaluated for (also known as the “true positive” rate). A test that is highly sensitive will not create too many false-negative outcomes and is able to identify almost anyone who has the illness.
Specificity pertains to a test’s ability to precisely determine those who do not have a particular condition (termed as the “true negative” rate). A test with high specificity will correctly identify the majority of individuals without the illness and will generate very few false-positive results.